History of India free essay sample

Bimbisara established the line by crushing the Brihadrathas. 37 9 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Bimbisara was a contemporary of Buddha. Magadha turned into a preeminent force in North India under Ajatasatru. So Ajatasatru is considered as the author of Magadhan Supremacy. Pataliputra and Rajagriha were the capitals of Magadhan realm. Magadha falls in the Patna area of Bihar. Haryankas were toppled by Sisunaga and he established the Sisunaga line there. Kalasoka the child and replacement of Sisunaga was prevailing by Mahapadma Nanda and he established the Nanda line. Ajatasatru’s replacement Udayin was the originator of the city of Pataliputra. Alexander passed on of Malaria at 33 years old in 323 BC while he was in Babylon. Alexander was incinerated at Alexandria. Alexander was known as Shehansha in Persia and Sikhandar-I-Asam in Indo-Pak district. The Last broad of Alexander in India was Eudamas. Alexander’s first General in Quite a while was Selucus Nikator. Alexander IV succeeded Al exander as the Masedonian King. Alexander’s educator Aristotle is considered as the dad of Politics, Biology, Taxonomy and the Science of Logic. ? ? ? ? ? ? Persian Invasion ? The Achaemenian lord of Persia, Darius (522 486 BC) caught a few regions the east of Sindhu in 518 BC. The Persian control over An indian area kept going upto 330 BC. Xerxes was the persian ruler who enrolled Indians in his military. The Kharoshti content was brought to India by Persians. Mauryan Empire (321-185 BC) ? ? Significant hotspots for the investigation of Mauryan Empire are the Arthasastra of Kautilya and Indika of Megasthenes. Chandragupta Maurya was the originator of Mauryan Empire. Insights regarding his initial life are not accessible He is accepted to have had a place with Moriya Clan, thus got the name Maurya. It is additionally said that his mom was Mura a ladies of lower birth henceforth got the name Maurya. In certain writings he is alluded to as Vrishala and Kulahina. He schemed with Chanakya (Kautilya or Vishnugupta) the clergyman of Nanda to ousted the last Nanda ruler DhanaNanda. Chandragupta Maurya rose the seat in BC 321. He battled against Selucus in 305 BC. Selucus gave up before him and sent an envoy, Megasthenese to the court of Chandragupta Maurya. Chandragupta’s Governor Pushygupta built the acclaimed Sudarshana lake. ChandraGupta Maurya was changed over to Jainism, renounced the seat for his child Bindusara, spent his last days at ? ? ? ? ? Alexander’s Invasion ? ? Alexander was conceived in 356 BC as the child of King Philip II of Mascedonia. Epirus or Olympias was Alexanders mother. Aristotle was Alexander’s educator. He turned into the lord in 336 BC He crushed the Persian ruler Darius III. Alexander established the city of Alexandria in Egypt In 326 BC Alexander vanquished Porus (Purushothama) the leader of Punjab and Captured Taxila through the clash of Hydaspes on the banks of stream Jhelum. Ambhi the leader of Taxila welcomed Alexander to India. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 38 0 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Sravanabelagola (Near Mysore) where he kicked the bucket in 298 BC. Chandragupa Maurya was answerable for the political unification of North India just because. Bindusara was a supporter of Ajivika faction. Bindusara was known as Amitragatha. Ashoka rose the seat in 273BC and controlled upto 232 BC. He was known as ‘Devanampriya priyadarsi the lovely one who was the darling of Gods. Maski and Gujara Edicts of Ashoka gave the name Devanampriya Priyadarsi. Buddhist convention says Ashoka murdered 99 of his siblings to catch the seat. Ashoka was the principal lord in Indian history who had left his records engraved on stones. Ashokan engravings were written in Kharoshti and Brahmi contents. Ashoka battled the Kalinga war in 261 BC Kalinga is in present day Orissa. Ashokan engravings were deciphered by James Princep. After the clash of Kalinga Ashoka turned into a Buddhist, being stunned by the revulsions of the war. Ashoka was started to Buddhism by Upagupta or Nigrodha a follower of Buddha. For the proliferation of Buddhism Ashoka began the organization of Dharmamahamatras. The IV Major Rock Edict of Ashoka tells about the act of Dharma The Major Rock Edict XII of Ahoka manages the success of Kalinga. Ashoka held the third Buddhist board at his capital Pataliputra in 250BC under the presidentship of Moggaliputa Tissa. He sent his child and girl to Sri Lanka for the spread of Buddhism (Mahendra and Sanghamitra) Ashoka spread Buddhism to SriLanka and Nepal. He is known as the Constantine of Buddhism. In his Kalinga Edict he makes reference to ‘‘All man are as my children’’. Ceylones ruler Devanmpriya Tissa was Ashoka’s first proselyte to Buddhism. Ashoka managed for a long time and kicked the bucket in 232 BC. The seal of the Indian Republic has been ? ? ? ? received from the four lion capital of one of Ashokas columns which is situated in Saranath. Rock-cut engineering in India made a start during Ashoka’s rule. Brihadratha the last Mauryan ruler was executed by Pushyamitra Sunga who established the Sunga Dynasty in 185 BC. Megasthenese the main outside explorer to India makes reference to about the presence of seven stations in India during the Mauryan time frame. Stanika in Mauryan organization alludes to burden gatherer. Post Mauryan Period Sunga Dynasty (185-71 BC) ? Sunga Dynasty was established by Pushyamitra Sunga the president of last Mauryan ruler, Brihadratha. ? Kalidasa’s show Malavikagnimitram is about the romantic tale of Pushyamitra’s child Agnimitra and Malavika. Last ling of sunga tradition was Devabhuti. Kanva Dynasty (72 BC 27 BC) ? Kanva administration was established by Vasudeva Kanva in 72 BC subsequent to crushing the last Sunga ruler Devabhuti. This administration governed for a time of 45 years. Vasudeva, Bhumimitra, Narayana and Susuman were the leaders of Kanva line. ? ? Cheta (Che ti) Dynasty of Kalinga ? The Cheti Dynasty was accepted to have established by Maha Meghavahana The Hatigumbha engraving of Kharavela, of the ? Significant Mauryan Officers Samaharta . Authority of Revenue Sannidata .. Head of Treasury Dandapala Head of Police Durga Pala . Head of Royal Fort Pradeshikas . Head of District Administration Prashasti .. Head of Prisons 38 1 Kalinga ruler gives insights concerning the Chedis of Kalinga. ? Alauddin Khilji) ? Kharavela was an adherent of Jainism. Indo-Greeks were the first to present military governorship in Quite a while. Satavahanas (235 BC 100BC) ? The Parthians (19 45 AD) ? Satavahanas were the most remarkable decision line after the Mauryas. Satavahanas were otherwise called Andhras. Satavahanas were the Indian rulers who prefixed their mother’s name alongside their names. Most significant Satavahana ruler was Gautamiputra Satakarni. Satavahanas were Brahmanas. Nagarjuna Konda and Amaravati in Andhrapradesh became significant seats of Buddhist culture under the Satavahanas. The two normal structures of Satavahanas were the sanctuary called Chaitya and the cloister called Vihara. Satavahanas for the most part gave lead coins. The official language of the Satavahanas was Prakrit Parthians otherwise called Pahalavas were Iranian People. Gondophernes was the best of the Parthian rulers. St. Thomas is said to have came to India for the proliferation of Christianity during the time of Gondophernes. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The Sakas (90 BC Ist AD) ? ? Sakas were otherwise called Scythians. The first Saka lord in Quite a while was Maues or Moga who set up Saka power in Gandhara. The most well known of the Saka rulers in Western India was Rudra Daman I. His accomplishments are featured in his Junagarh engraving written in 150 AD. Junagarh engraving of Rudradaman was the primary engraving in Sanskrit. Ujjayini was the capital of Rudradaman. ? ? ? ? ? Indo Greeks ? ? First to attack India were the Greeks who were called Indo-Greeks. The most well known Indo-Greek ruler was Menander with his Capital at Sakala in Punjab (Modern Sialkot) The Indo-Greeks were the first to give gold coins in Quite a while. The presentation of Hellenistic workmanship highlights into India were likewise the commitment of Indo-Greek guideline. Menander was changed over into a Buddhist by Buddhist priest Nagasena (Nagarjuna) Indo-Greeks were the first to give coins bearing the figure of rulers. Demitrius, the lord of Bacteria attacked India about 190BC. He is considered as Second Alexander (But the Indian ruler who acknowledged the name second Alexander (Sikandar-I-sani) was Kushans ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Kushans are otherwise called Yuch-chis or Tocharians. Kushans came to India from North Central Asia. First extraordinary Kushana ruler was Kujala Kadphises or Kadphises I. The most popular Kushana ruler was Kanishka. He turned into the ruler in 78 AD and began Saka Era in 78 AD. The Capital of Kanishka was Peshawar or Kanishka Purushapura. Kanishka met the fourth Buddhist gathering in Kashmir. 38 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Researchers like, Parsva, Vasumitra, Ashvaghosha, Charaka and Nagarjuna were the squires of Kanishka. The Gandhara School of Art got regal support under the Kushans. Kanishka disparaged Mahayana type of Buddhism. Kanishka is righty called the ‘Second Ashoka’ Kanishka was the main ruler who engraved the picture of Lord Buddha on his coins. Kanishka began the Saka time in 78 AD. The primary month of Saka time is Chaithra and the most recent month is Phalguna. Vasudeva was the last incredible ruler of Kushana Dynasty. Kushana school of craftsmanship is likewise alluded to as the Mathura school. ? ? Sanskrit was the court language of the Guptas. India became ‘‘Greater India’’ under Samudra Gupta. Samudra Gupta was a practiced Veena player. Chandragupta II the best of Gupta rulers was prevalently known as Vikramaditya. ? ? Truly Important Places Ayodhya Birth spot of Sri Rama (UP) Amber Palace Rajasthan Aghakhan Palace Pune (Maharashtra) (Gandhi and Kasturba were kept in jail here) Kedarnath Holy spot of Hindus (Utharanchal) Amarnath Pilgrim focus (Kashmir)

The Great Debate 3 big questions Essay Example For Students

The image is a parallel picture Essay Example for Free

The picture is an equal picture Essay As a major aspect of our Drama Portfolio we were approached to consider the play Blood Brothers and re-sanction portions of the creation. Right off the bat, as a class we read the play/novel of Blood Brothers composed by Willy Russell. The play is essentially around two siblings, both isolated from birth. One youngster was offered away to a center/high society family and the other was kept in the common group of a lower class. The two siblings get together and become kindred spirits by the joining of their blood, both not realizing they are genuine siblings. Various experiences put the young men in a difficult situation and unite them until an occasion whereupon they become antagonized. Mickey Johnstone(the more unfortunate of the pair) shoots Eddie Lyons (the more extravagant man) following a contention about the lady, Linda, who is hitched to Mickey. Mickey finds that Linda and Eddie have been leading an illicit relationship without him knowing. The play is set in the core of Liverpool. Mickey is a run of the mill Liverpudlian and is pulled in to the high society way of life that Eddie leads. Eddie is likewise pulled in to Mickey by the cool words and amusing nature of the kid. Eddie likes the amusing stories that Mickey tells and when they initially meet he chuckles for a considerable length of time in the wake of tuning in to the clever yet not in every case genuine stories. I appreciated the play as it was enchanting and energizing in many spots and hence allowed us the chance to re-order this and get on the play acting in certain areas of the play. We could expound and give great comprehension of the scenes, however in little gatherings. To start, we were given four despite everything pictures to make completely ourselves. All are recorded underneath, clarified and diagrammed completely. The principal despite everything picture was decently named CLASS SYSTEM. We named it, as it was fundamentally about how individuals are dealt with when they are classed in certain cash sections. Three individuals are plunked down in comfortable easy chairs while the cleaner is scouring the floor. Every one of the three upper classed individuals are caught up with understanding papers, the cleaner is scouring the floor with her nails while being utilized as an ottoman for each of the three high society individuals. Following is an image/graph of how it really looked: The image shows that the cleaner is furious, discouraged and fundamentally emptied after they request that she tidy up after them. The three high society people in any case, look progressively irate and all appear to be disapproving of her. This shows how individuals are put into various classes and just speak with their companions or the individuals in a similar class. The cleaner considers her to be as stooping, however she realizes it is an occupation and necessities the cash. These pointers could be seen when the still picture was watched and considered. The subsequent despite everything picture was given the title DIFFERENCE OF OPPORTUNITY. This fundamentally implies in the event that individuals are for the most part raised into riches, at that point they will satisfy it and make a big deal about their life, additionally they need to substantiate themselves to their folks and become somebody who others gaze upward to. On the off chance that they are raised into a poor family with no riches, at that point they don't have anything to gaze upward to and consequently become forceful and go to spray painting and medications. Anyway it additionally shows that both can blend and become companions and can turn out to be either elevated and find a decent line of work or downsized and go out of control. The still picture shows four individuals in equal universes, two leaving for school perfectly dressed and the other two messy. The two that need their instruction, snicker at the jokes made by others and essentially make the most of their tutoring. The other two are anyway the ones who make clamors at the rear of the class and make the quips yet don't esteem their high school years and make a big deal about their life. They will get one of those more seasoned siblings who can do truly cool things however for the most part know practically nothing, maybe harming inside because of the reality they need the give office to fund themselves, yet can not keep work in the event that they are given one. Following is the subsequent despite everything picture: The third despite everything picture is called DOES MONEY BRING YOU HAPPINESS. For the most part it implies that companions and friends are superior to cash and no companions. Fundamentally demonstrating that you can be content with or without a great deal of cash. Anyway a great many people would prefer to have in any event one individual to impart the cash to and trust in. In the event that you don't have the companions you can't for the most part have a good time or you can live it up however just until the cash runs out. As the old sonnet states about Magpies-One for distress and two for bliss A genuine companion stays by you regardless. They need not have cash to be glad. The following is the still picture: This fundamentally shows three poor people searching for cash and food. In any case, they have each other to trust in and can have a giggle together. The rich individual on the privilege has a lot of cash and is by all accounts looking down at the more unfortunate scroungers. In all actuality it is really the other route round. The rich individual would give his cash to have companions and be cheerful, as he realizes that one day his cash will run out. The fourth despite everything picture is justifiably named SCHOOL. It is essentially around four kids in school. Two youngsters care about the school life and two loathe it. The picture is an equal picture. This fundamentally implies the two individuals on one side of the equal picture don't know about the pertinence of the two on the opposite side of the picture. The two on one side of the picture are accomplished kids raised well with great order where it is required. These two individuals have their hands up urgently looking for consideration and attempting to get in the instructors great books. The other two are additionally looking for consideration yet in various manners, they are attempting to be the class comedians and make individuals giggle. Later on however, they won't find a brilliant line of work and will most likely be marking on for joblessness benefits at the give office. Anyway they don't feel that a long ways ahead and need hits fundamentally among the class. The following is the still picture: Overall I think our still pictures were very instructing, contacting and instructive. Albeit a couple were fundamentally the same as they by and large an alternate story. Some educated about how individuals are treated in various class frameworks I. e. poor to rich. Others trained how companions are worth more than cash. All anyway were showing an alternate story. Reaction stage section two In this segment we contrived a scene that indicated the lives of Mickey and Eddie before they met and afterward during their companionship/fraternity together. It shows what they have experienced together for the duration of their lives. The scene begins with Mickey (Simon) being in prison and Eddie (Liam) getting readied to visit Mickey in prison. Eddie propels gradually towards Mickey and says I recollect the days that we as a whole met, They at that point at one another to show that a flashback is going to happen. The flashback currently shows Eddie and Mickey meeting just because. Adam and Charlotte both play the two characters in this segment of the flashback. They participate in a discussion about one another. Mickey requests a sweet and is given a couple. Mickey presently inquires as to whether Eddie is delicate.

The Effect Of RMB Revalue To The Economy Of China Dissertation

The Effect Of RMB Revalue To The Economy Of China - Dissertation Example The desire on valuation for RMB was deferred during the worldwide money related emergency. The energy about RMB will influence the total interest through two channels. The gratefulness will cause pressure on the flexibly of cash. This will lead money related extension in situations where sanitized intercession isn't adequate. The total interest and costs of the benefits will get invigorated. The lopsided characteristics among request and gracefully will expand due to the desires related with exchange overflow and theoretical inflows of capital. The money related specialists will purchase the abundance gracefully of remote trade in the market so as to keep up dependability in return rates. The development in resources of remote cash was substantially more than the development of base cash. The development of outside resources even crossed the pace of development of expansive cash. This squeezes the fiscal specialists to affix down the money related development. The development of cash will be crazy if proportions of cleaned intercession can't keep capable. The development of advantages of outside cash has dipped under the development pace of wide cash after the money related emergency. Over the long haul, the development pace of expansive cash will settle in the typical level and momentary capital will begin to go into the economy of China and this will again put the gracefully of cash under tension. In any case, regardless of whether the financial specialists can control the steady development pace of cash flexibly, at that point likewise the desire for valuation for RMB will animate the total interest and costs of the advantages will rise. When the energy about RMB is normal, the normal profits for the advantages that are hazardous will increment and cost of these benefits will take the precarious rising way. The estimation of the security will...The legislators of U.S. are of the supposition that revaluation of the RMB will go about as the arrangement in issu es of exchange shortfall. In any case, actually the present exchange shortage that U.S. has with China is primarily a direct result of the predominant monetary conditions in U.S. So the exchange shortage that is influenced by RMB is irrelevant (Hong Kong Industrialist, 2005/6, p. 15). Presentation The executive of Peterson Institute for International Economics accused the undervaluation of the money of China for work misfortunes in the nation of United States. The executive additionally drew a game plan if China didn't pull back the control of money and license the renminbi (RMB) to pick up quality. The national bank of China known as the People’s Bank of China took into consideration some unwinding. The bank reported that will forsake the multi year old peg. The peg has kept the RMB with the dollar (Yu, 2010, p. 2). It permitted RMB to react as indicated by the powers of the market. China will presently start to move into the system of coasting swapping scale. The system wil l be a tight one which was practically speaking in the period somewhere in the range of 2005 and 2008. The estimation of RMB will be the base on a crate of monetary forms inside a limited range (Wharton University of Pennsylvania, 2010). Strategy for Analysis In the strategy for examination the past inquires about will be considered and stress will be given on evaluating the effect of the revaluation on the economy. The various impacts to be specific the asset report impact and the financial impact will be mulled over.

Constructivist Theory of Knowledge in the Curriculum

Constructivist Theory of Knowledge in the Curriculum 1. The Constructivist Theory of Knowledge This hypothesis has risen up out of mental speculations around human learning and information procurement. Inside this hypothesis, the principle relational word is that individuals build information and deduce significance to ideas through experience. It is a hypothesis which is mainly credited to Jean Piaget, who utilized logical information to demonstrate that the hypothesis was of some legitimacy. Comparable to instruction, constructivist speculations have significantly affected teaching method, despite the fact that constructivism isn't an instructional method all by itself. Inside constructivism, the thought is that individuals react to new information by disguising it and pleasing this information into their current interior diagram, the individual builds of importance and understanding that are remarkable to them. This clarifies one of the key aspects of constructivism as applied to information obtaining, that students adapt separately, and their insight is exclusively developed and, ostensibly, novel to them. In this way, taking in is gotten from tactile contribution from which the student builds information. This appears to be somewhat shortsighted, however contradicts various past hypotheses, especially the long-standing conviction that information is widespread, in light of the fact that rather the student must draw in with the world or their social setting or condition here and there, so as to learn. In constructivism, scholars set that students learn as they learn, in that while they are learning knew information they are learning on numerous levels, about something other than the realities they are acquiring[1]. For instance, if the understudy is finding out about various materials, for example, wood, plastic and metal, they are finding out about the idea of these substances, yet in addition they are growing their jargon, realizing what these substances closely resemble, and, are additionally handling instances of how these materials are utilized, and why. Applying this information to their social world permits them to test their new understandings and to perceive what components of their condition are built out of these various materials. The development of importance is a psychological procedure which is upgraded by physical activities[2], however intellectual commitment with learning is vital. In constructivism, students are fundamental to the learning procedure, not the inf ormation they are required to gain. Learning is both relevant and social, thus in essential science, for instance, collective exercises and investigations draw in students socially just as exclusively. Students need time to learn, yet they likewise need chances to survey and return to the new information, as it becomes disguised and has its spot as a structure hinder for additional learning. Essential science instructing seems to fit very well with this way to deal with getting learning, since it works from starting ideas and exploratory exercises into increasingly complex exercises. As time advances, the educational program is intended to return to information on a few events, and to incorporate that information. How far this functions for essential science, in any case, may rely upon various factors[3]. This seems to be a very constructivist approach, and keeping in mind that it functions admirably in essential science, this creator thinks about whether there are different subjects which may not all that effectively suit constructivist clarifications of learning. As a down to earth subject, science at all levels permits understudies to assume greater responsibility for their learning experiences[4] and to connect completely with new knowledge[5]. Notwithstanding, this hypothesis likewise recognizes that learning requires a level of inspiration, and this might be the gr eatest test to any educator[6]. 2. Talk about the issue of movement in a child’s learning with regards to an evaluate of the materials and properties strand of the national educational program and the related QCA plans of work. The thought of movement heaps of constructivism by beginning what gives off an impression of being a course of learning through coordinated exercises. The direction for the materials and properties strand of the educational plan, especially upheld in the QCA plans of work, appear to begin with an underlying experience with key ideas, for example, the nature of materials, through centered activities[7]. For instance, kids in gathering to Year 1 may be solicited to recognize types from materials, for example, glass, wood, metal, and examine the manners by which these are utilized, for example, windows are generally made of glass, or entryways are typically made of wood. This information is then based on later on in their learning procedure by learning more in insight concerning the properties of these various kinds of materials, through new data, and testing that data to find out about the properties under scrutiny. For instance, finding out about stretchiness would permit understudies to comprehend both the idea and the sorts of materials which show this property, while likewise securing the new information on various terms and their application. So movement of learning requires the understudy to comprehend what a property is, and the sorts of words used to depict and to investigate it. The learning procedure moves the understudy to pose inquiries about various properties, and afterward, through these answers, to apply these ideas to different materials and their properties. Movement is in this manner dependent on the understudy connecting at all stages, and just once the understudy has gotten a handle on beginning ideas would they be able to proceed onward to the testing of those ideas in increasingly more detail. In any case, the test of basing an educational program and set plans of work on this idea of dynamic learning, for this situation, is that all understudies don't learn at similar rates, and consequently the movement of the class might be constrained to the speed of the slowest understudy instead of reacting to singular learning. In any case, this methodology likewise permits understudies to return to information as well as to at the same time sign their learning[8], which may help manufacture certainty, confidence and self-viability. The consistent program of study that is the National Curriculum means to guarantee movement from essential to optional school, in especially, is not so much checked but rather more direct, in spite of the fact that this isn't the situation for some teachers. In any case, on a fundamental level, inside science, the educational program permits understudies to get the central understandings important to progress to progressively complex science and logical examination. 3. How does the acknowledgment of ideas of proof influence an educators way to deal with movement and evaluation of students understanding in Sc1? Ideas of proof is a major logical guideline corresponding to the procurement of any sort of genuine logical information and comprehension. All aspects of the movement from S1 necessitates that understudies can perceive and work with ‘evidence’ gained from down to earth activities[9], for example, data social event, perception and recording of these perceptions, and experimentation[10]. Trial and analytical work in this subject, at this level, expects understudies to take part in the accompanying sorts of exercises: arranging examinations; choosing what to change, what to keep the equivalent and what to quantify; choosing whether a reasonable correlation was made; and utilizing results to draw conclusions[11]. These expect understudies to have disguised what comprises ‘evidence’ in logical examinations. Be that as it may, in science, cognizance and learning, and specifically, thinking, is distinctively not quite the same as in different subjects, since this t hinking is done utilizing ‘evidence’. Figuring out how to function logically identifies with an anger of ‘concepts of evidence’, which may incorporate the motivation behind perception, and how to complete perception for explicit reasons, perceiving what establishes a logical inquiry that can basically be examined through acknowledged logical procedures, the need to do numerous estimations, and the need to create through these new abilities in doing estimation forms, and various methods of recording information and introducing discoveries. It additionally includes understanding various types of investigations and the sorts of results that can be picked up from these. Notwithstanding, these sorts of ideas must be gained from participating in handy exercises, and corresponding to movement from Sc1, understanding the standards of logical exercises must be shown through bringing out the exercises and working through these to accomplish explicit objectives. This runs to some degree counter to the idea of individual learning, notwithstanding. Be that as it may, it isn't sufficient that understudies can complete the movement required, on the grounds that they should have the option to see past setting up ‘facts’ and search for elective clarifications or understandings to delineate their ‘evidence’. Not exclusively should they have the option to outline their examinations in the correct language, and pick the correct sorts of questions[12], they additionally should have the option to figure out how to make hearty estimations, with help and information. What this shows is that it isn't sufficient for understudies to adapt hastily how to do an examination, and how to record results. For understudies to advance, they should have the option to talk about perceptions and deduction, questions and territories of examination, and the various approaches to deliver ‘evidence’ to clarify connections or causality. What's more, the writing shows that even small kids can build up these sorts of capa cities, in the event that they are appropriately upheld. Subsequently, the advanced way to deal with science instruction where information securing seems, by all accounts, to be completely constructivist, especially comparable to testing of thoughts and standards, shows up appropriate to understudies creating key logical aptitudes, which at the following phase of their training structure the reason for more profound comprehension and control of increasingly perplexing and testing tests and varia

How to Prepare For TOEFL Essay Samples

How to Prepare For TOEFL Essay SamplesThe TOEFL essay samples are a little different from those of the past, and they require more work. The most important thing to remember is that these essays have not been changed since they were written. This means that you should be prepared to spend at least two to three hours just to get through some of the sections of the tests.One of the reasons for this is that there are a lot of new technologies that will come up with TOEFL essay samples in the future. These are called the mobile TOEFL, or text to English for Foreign Language. This type of essay has become very popular with students because it is very easy to do. You can use the devices that are available, including iPhones, and the papers are made available online so that you can download the appropriate paper and print it out whenever you need it.If you have taken the TOEFL before, you will probably be familiar with the types of questions you have to answer, and how you are supposed to c ompose your response. This time around though, you will be given multiple choice questions, and you will have to write your answers out on a sheet of paper before taking the test. The questions are similar, but there are certain things that you should look out for.Know what your goal is. The three sections are Reading Comprehension, Spelling, and Listening. Once you know what the purpose of each section is, you will be able to approach the next question in the right way. The questions on the test are almost all word problems. You will have to be able to answer them without straining yourself, which means that you will have to have a certain amount of vocabulary.Study the essay samples. By reading them, you will get a feel for the format of the test. When you are finished, make sure that you know how many questions are there. Most tests have between twenty and forty questions, and you will have to answer them in order. It is easier to work with the format of the question numbers than it is to read the whole essay.Do not make a rush to prepare for the essay samples. You do not have to study for all of them right away. You will only need to be able to read and answer the sample questions. Once you are confident that you can do that, then you can move on to the other sections.Read carefully the instructions. You will find that some of the questions have different formats. There will be certain formatting that you need to follow, and the instructions will be explained at the back of the test booklet.Finally, on exam day, you should not be too nervous. You should not spend more than fifteen minutes preparing, and if you feel nervous, then you should try to relax and get some sleep.

Gender Differences in Emotional Intelligence Within The STEM Sector - Free Essay Example

ABSTRACT The study investigated the gender differences in emotional intelligence (EQ) within the STEM sector. 2,400 participants were taken in total from JCA Global with an age range from 10 to 59. An online Emotional Intelligence Profile (EIP) self-report questionnaire was set-up on JCA Hub and questionnaire links would be sent to JCA client or employees. For this study, I.V. would be emotional intelligence and D.V. would be gender difference. T-test would be used to analyse the data. Findings would show that there is no significant gender difference in emotional intelligence but there is a self-estimation bias as both genders indicated that males have higher EQ level compared to females. It would also be seen that EQ would be linked with positive aspects of an individual which would affect their performance in an organization. LITERATURE REVIEW In todays fast pacing contemporary world, changes are brought about in workplace due to due to factors like globalisation, diversity, a competitive advantage, and technological advancements. These challenges and the factors not only have an impact on the organisations themselves, but also have an enormous effect on the employees. An emotion does not only describe feelings but also has an impact on distinctive thoughts, biological states , moods, behavioural dispositions and actions. It can easily be affected by the environmental cues and can lead to both adaptive and destructive behaviour. Emotional Intelligence defines by how people manage and regulate their own emotions. It is a rapidly growing field in the literature, ranging from debate over whether EI is innate or learned, to the classification of specific behaviours that define EI.Maryam Meshkat (2017) conducted a study on undergraduate English majors of three Iranian Universities using Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory to in vestigate whether emotional intelligence depends on gender difference. Results showed that there was no significant difference between the genders for their overall score of emotional intelligence, but females had a higher emotional self-awareness, interpersonal relationship, social responsibility and empathy than males. On the other hand, males scored higher in self-regard, assertiveness, stress tolerance, impulse control and adaptability than women. Thus, women and men may differ on specific competencies. Moreover, it was also found that nature and nurture factors have resulted in different levels of EQ between genders. Kavana G. Venkatappa (2012) aimed to determine the gender differences in emotional intelligence among first years medical students. The findings showed that emotional intelligence was significantly high in females compared to males. It might be because women tend to be more emotionally expressive about their feelings and thus also tend to have better relationship s kills. It also indicated that certain areas in the brain linked with emotion can be larger in females than in men. Thus, this might influence their success in career and family life.3Furnham and Fong (2004) found that males usually estimated and rated their EQ higher than the females. While in the actual scores of EQ, it was found that females scored higher, particularly ?social skills than males, but there was no significant difference between genders. It indicates that it is important to study self-perceived traits and abilities as it helps one to gain an insight about themselves which raises their awareness. According to Petrides and Furnham (2000), it is essential for us to understand the gender differences in EQ as it can have an influence on health, education and psychotherapy. For example, having a higher EQ would related to positive psychological adjustment and self-esteem, whereas negative self-evaluation could be leading to depression. Furthermore, Elias et al compared the scores of the students for Mathematics and English. It was found that low academic achievers with high EQ had high self-esteem, high achievement motivation and high self-efficacy for the subject, whereas low academic achievers with low EQ had low scores of self-esteem, achievement motivation and self-efficacy. It has indicated the importance of EQs implications and effects.which can open new avenues of research.dont stop u can do it common. Matter of speed. You are sitting in the home whole day so you can do it! New day everyday. Whole day free better everyday is studying in the full speed now. Time doesnt wait for anyone.RESEARCH AIMSThe rationale for this study is that it is vital to understand the issues and misunderstandings of EQ so that it can also strengthens the previous researches on different context. Additionally, it helps to reduce its myths, biases and inaccurate self-evaluations . It delves a deeper understanding about the theory of reasons behind any differences and its applications. The study aimed to investigate the gender difference in emotional intelligence within the STEM sec tor. The first hypothesis would be that there is a significant difference between gender for EI. Second hypothesis is that factors revolving around self-estimation bias would be expected. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ParticipantsThere were 2,436 participants were included in the sample. The target population consisted of JCA employees and clients within the STEM sector having the age range from 10 to 59, with a mean of and sd. From the total sample of 2400 participants, there were 1924 males and 508 females.4future tense any justification for any particular inclusion (or exclusion) criteria.DesignThe study implemented a non-experimental correlational design in which participants completed an Emotional Intelligence Profile (EIP) online questionnaire. For this study, I.V. would be emotional intelligence and D.V. would be gender difference. The study correlated scores for the two factors of emotional intelligence (personal and emotional) with scores for the three factors of trait with overarching scales of EIP (Attitude, Feeling, Behaviour scales). The University of Leicester ethically approved this study and JCA Global gave the permission to use their data set.type of design (e.g. between or within subjects, correlational, questionnaire etc.) The Emotional Intelligence Profile measures 16 dimensions of EI and was developed specifically for the workplace. The 16 scales of the EIP3 are structured within a six-part framework. It further divides into personal and interpersonal intelligence which will look at the three factors of trait (behaviour, feeling and attitude). It provides item-by-item analysis to pinpoint development opportunities and identifies personal blockers to performance which reduces the effect of response biases and thus bolstering the validity. Moreover, computer screens and Likert Scales was used. The sample in the published data represents everyone who classifies themselves as working within the Technology sector. The EIP tool was used itself to estimate the reliability of the study.You should include relevant questionnaires measure/schedule in the appendix need to mention. Where appropriate (i.e. if you are going to use a published measure, as opposed to constructing one yourself), include estimates of t he instruments reliability and validity, which may be taken from previous studies, or from handbooks which relate to the use of the measure;; Outline any potential difficulties or limitations associated with the use of the proposed materials.ProcedureParticipants were presented with the Emotional Intelligence Profile (EIP) online questionnaire through the distribution platform, called the JCA Hub. The questionnaire was a part of a MIE (Maximising Individual Effectiveness) programme or MLE (Maximising Leadership Effectiveness) programme or coaching the participants. The participants were sent an invitation to complete the EIP questionnaire via email. Moreover, questionnaire links would have either been sent out by a JCA employee or by5a JCA client themselves. Within the questionnaire invitation email there was a link to complete the questionnaire; as well as completion deadline details, information about the questionnaire itself, and contact information should they have questions. It told them to choose the answers that most accurately reflected their agreement or disagreement with statements. In the EIP, participants were presented with statements such as, Im usually able to control other people. They rated their response to these statements on a Likert scale of 1 to 5 with 1 being Strongly disagree and 5 being Strongly agree. Consent was assumed through completion of the questionnaire. Once participants have completed the questionnaire, they had the opportunity to review their answers before submitting. Finally, participants were asked to complete a demographics page, which asked for their age boundary and gender. A debrief was given face to face as part of a feedback session with an EIP trained consultant/coach or within a group feedback setting. Participants right to confidentiality and anonymity was maintained and protected. The experiment aimed at causing no physical or psychological harm to the participants and deception was avoided.remember to refer to any copies of relevant material in the appendix. tell the reader enough that they can replicate THE study not YOUR study. Data Analyses The scales of EIP which will be used to analyse the data are: Attitude Scale (Self Regard, Regard for Others), Feeling Scale (Self-Awareness, Awareness for others), Behaviour Scale divided into Self-Management (Emotional Resilience, Goal Directedness) and Relationship Management (Connecting with others, Trust, Emotional experience and controlled, Conflict Handling, and Independence). T tests would be used to analyse the results. The data of participants that did not complete every question of the study would be excluded from the analysis to gain a higher reliability. Cronbachs Alpha would judge the internal consistency of the questionnaires All statistical analysis, will be conducted using SPSS software and reported with a two-tailed level of significance with the alpha level set at .05, unless otherwise stated. All the scaled was measured using interval data and analysis was done using parametric tests.Ask poppy which analysis you she think would be appropriate to use. (correctional ) to analyse the results.statistical qualitative analyses you plan to use State which statistical analyses / qualitative analyses you will use and why they are appropriate. For example, if you plan to conduct an ANOVA, you could cover the fact you have parametric level data. See if can mention out outliers.

About danone uk limited - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2621 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Activia and Actimel are the two probiotic yoghurt brands that are currently being marketed by Danone in the UK. The current market strategy for these products is that they are healthy food and part of a healthy lifestyle. Some modifications were made in the currents marketing strategy, which include modifying the current target market for both brands. These brands have the potential to make Danone UK Limited the market leader in the United Kingdom. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "About danone uk limited" essay for you Create order 1. DANONE: THE PROBIOTIC BRANDS; THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE. Danone UK limited, is a UK based subsidiary of the French company group Danone, which has its organizational headquarters situated in France. Danone UK is into the production and marketing of dairy products and water. Most of group Danone brands are household names in the United Kingdom and internationally, and they include the probiotic dairy brands; Activia and Actimel (DATAMONITOR, 2009). The dairy division of the Danone group, is a leader in the production of dairy products worldwide, and presently holds about 22% of the dairy products global market share (DATAMONITOR, 2009). Group Danone has different subsidiaries in varying countries and each brand has a unique attribute and name that appeals to the region or country where they are marketed. 1.1. SWOT ANALYSIS The strength, weakness, opportunities and threats that are currently influencing Danone UK are highlighted in the table below. Table: 1 STRENGTHS * Health conscious company * Innovative Products and marketing * Customer oriented Research focused WEAKNESS * Lack of long term planning * uncorroborated claims OPPORTUNITIES * Health consciousness among populace * Growth in awareness on digestive health Probiotic bacteria awareness THREATS * New entrants * Increased competition * Stores own brand * Increase in cost of milk and production * Consumer unawareness on benefits of good bacteria * Government regulation on health claim of probiotic brands 1.2. PEST ANALYSIS GRID The grid below highlights some of the factors that affect the market presently and therefore gives an idea on the way forward in the present market environment. Table 2: POLITICAL ECONOMIC SOCIAL TECHNOLOGY Government debt Recession Unemployment Trends in Research Government policy Research sponsorship Advert withdrawal E-commerce Cold weather New technology Migration 2. MARKET ANALYSIS: UK YOGHURT MARKET The UK yoghurt market comprises of the spoonable yoghurts (pots), drinkable yoghurt (drinks) and tube yoghurts. (Mintel Oxygen, 2009) The market share value of the drinking yoghurt has seen a decrease in recent years as more people turn to more healthy option of yoghurt products that more often come in pots and tubes; the tube yoghurt is more attractive for children as parents can pack it into lunch boxes for them, thus this area has also seen a significant growth in recent years. The pots yoghurt market saw an increase in sales as they offer fewer calories and some come with health claims that lead to an increase in sales, the most active category in recent time has been the probiotic or healthy yoghurt category (spoonable) (Euromonitor,2009). Development of new products and increase in sales in some categories of the yoghurt market have mostly been due to health issues, as the behaviour of consumers suggest that they prefer a healthy lifestyle and also love to indulge, thus the development of new products that offer both a healthy and indulgence option. This trend has lead to the improvement in performance of the yoghurt market generally, in comparison to other desert options. The yogurt and Fromage Frais (pots and tubes) currently hold about 15.60% of the dairy market share in the UK (Data Monitor, 2009). The pots and tubes are the best performers in the market, and they hold about 85% of the market share, while the drinking yoghurt has been largely affected by competition from other markets that offer or claim to offer a more healthy option in form of drinks e.g. smoothies and fruits juices (or soft drinks). 2.1. MARKET SEGMENTATION Majority of the market share for 2008 as seen above was held by top manufacturers which include Muller, Danone and Yoplait. Supermarkets own brands are gradually gaining a large percent of the market share, with other brands constituting about 27% of the total market share. The probiotic yoghurt brands of Danone UK are doing well in the market currently, and account for about 19% of the UK yoghurt market share. 2.2 COMPETITOR ANALYSIS Muller dairy UK is Danone UK main competitor and the current market leader. Muller has being the market leader for a while and they function across the entire yoghurt category. Some of the Muller brands are not doing so well in the market, with some consumers perceiving it as too sweet and unhealthy, but with recent brand repositioning, re-launches and new products introduced in the market they are able to continually hold onto the number one spot. Weakness: The major weakness of the Muller brands is that consumers still perceive them as unhealthy, as they usually have high sugar content (Mintel Oxygen, 2009). 2.3 COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: Danone Has exclusive patent on the friendly bacteria (Lactobacilli casei Imunitass) used in addition with other bacteria in Actimel. All probiotic brands by Danone are considered healthy, hence the first choice for consumers who prefer a healthy way of life. 3. BRAND POSITIONING Probiotic yoghurts contain live bacteria that positively aid the consumers digestive system by improving microbial balance in the intestine. The probiotic brands Actimel and Activia are in the spoonable (Activia), drinking (Actimel) and the healthy option categories. In comparison, some major competing brands are perceived as unhealthy with great taste and very sweet e.g. Muller brands are perceived as unhealthy due to the sweet taste and the fact that the brands are positioned as all day snacks (Euromonitor , 2009). PERCEPTUAL MAP Healthy Actimel Activia Muller Vitality Poor taste Great taste Muller Light Unhealthy 3.1 ACTIVIA Activia is in the class of spoonable yoghurt (pots), and is in the healthy brand category. It contains the probiotic bacterium (friendly bacteria) that helps in improving the functions of the digestive system. Activia comes in fat free and low calorie flavours that consumers see as a great benefit; thus Activia has seen a rapid increase in market share since its launch in 2002, and it is one of the best performers in its category due to innovation which comprises health benefit and indulgence (Mintel Oxygen, 2009). It has a wide range of flavour in packs of four and eight pots and recently it has been proposed to introduce single pots for people with a busy lifestyle or people on the go. 3.2 ACTIMEL This is in the drinking yoghurt category, and contains the probiotic bacteria L.casei Imunitass; its main function is boosting and providing support for the immune system. Actimel has 13 different varieties, and 4 have zero percent fat content. Actimel aids the bodys immune system by fighting off germs when consumed on a daily or regular basis (Danone, 2009). 3.3 BRAND PERSONALITY GRID The consumer perception of Activia and Actimel are highlighted in the personality grid below (Table 3 and 4). ACTIVIA PERSONALITY VALUE BENEFIT ATTRIBUTE Physically fit Quintessential Indulging Wide variety range Healthy Innovative Convenient Handy Delightful Trustworthy Rich taste Relieves bloating Reliable Variety ACTIMEL PERSONALITY VALUE BENEFIT ATTRIBUTE Healthy Nutritious Boost immunity Wide product range Tasty Trusted Rejuvenation Different flavours Immunity Reliable 4. TARGET MARKET AND STRATEGY: THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE Target Market Activia Women ACTIMEL Senior citizens Adults Rest of population 4.1 MARKETING STRATEGY (PRESENT SITUATION): The Probiotic brands are currently marketed as health beneficial products, with the emphasis on good bacteria, and the need to see the brands as part of a healthy way of life and not just as a snack. 4.2 ACTIVIA The current marketing strategy for Activia focuses solely on women and it was put in place in response to consumer demand for healthy products. Activia is positioned as an indulgent healthy food that helps women in reducing the feeling of being bloated especially after meals, and also aids in regulating the function of the digestive system. In a recent advert a woman is seen feeling more physically fit and flexible after having a pot of Activia. An interactive website has also been set up for Activia and the content is specifically for women as it gives them health tips and encourages them to share their story on the benefits of Activia. The website has a health based outlook that further reinforces the fact that Activia is a healthy brand. (Danone , 2009) Adults on the go are gradually being included in the current strategy, with the plan to introduce single pots of Activia (Mintel Oxygen, 2009). 4.2.1 DRAWBACK This strategy targets only the women in the population, and in some ways most women in a particular age demographic i.e. 25 and above. Although this strategy has been successful so far; what steps can be taken to prevent the present segment of consumers from shifting loyalty to a brand that is healthy, of good quality and is priced lower. What can be done to increase the present target market, as large segments of the population which include children, active adults and the elderly have not been included in this strategy. 4.2.2 MODIFICATION As manager of the probiotic brands of Danone UK Ltd, I will increase the target market to include families and the elderly. The family market will include children and men, while the elderly include men and women from age 55 and upwards. This segment of the population (55+) is going to see a rapid increase in sales and market share in the future as the population ages, and with the right marketing mix of price, distribution and place, this target segment offers great potential of growth for the future of the market (Mintel Oxygen, 2009). The family segment will come with a rebranding option that will target the women who have families. As women do most of the household shopping, when they buy Activia for themselves, they will have no option but to buy for their families. More flavours and packaging should be introduced to appeal to children and their parents. The current marketing strategy for the women consumers also have to be continued and improved to make the customers remain even when offered cheaper varieties, and to do this, loyalty programmes have to be introduced i.e. where consumers gain points for each pack of Activia bought. Although this might seem expensive for the company at the start of the program, as it has to be in conjunction with supermarkets, but in the long run it will be advantageous as we would have gained a loyal customer base. The present website also has to be improved to include healthy recipes tips as women love to cook healthy for their families. An interactive educational website should be introduced for children; activities on the website can include opportunity for children to pick their favourite Activia flavours, competitions that will include one where kids get the opportunity to mix different fruity flavours and submit their entries online, with opportunities to win prices. When children are loyal to their favourite brand (Activia) parents will have no choice but to also become loyal, in that way we also get families to be consumers of the Activia brand. Thus our market share will see an increase that will come from this segment of the population. 4.5 ACTIMEL The current marketing strategy for Actimel is capitalising on the immune system boosting characteristic of the probiotic bacteria in the drink and also the claim that it improves the body capacity to combat stress for people with busy lifestyles, through the action of the bacteria in the gut. In recent times, the company has also aimed to encourage the use of Actimel by patients in the hospital as a recent study shows that Actimel has the capacity to aid patients fight off infections. Advertising and promotional activities by Danone on Actimel has helped to boost the image of this brand by placing it as a brand that supports active lifestyles and is also healthy. 4.5.1 DRAWBACK An advert for Actimel was recently banned by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA), that the claims made by Danone on Actimel (that it boosts the natural defence of children) were not supported by sound scientific evidence (BBC, 2009); a few consumers will brand Actimel as untrustworthy. To restore the image of Actimel, scientific evidence that proves that it helps boost the natural defence of children has to be peer reviewed before publishing. Although some health professionals have said it improves immunity, this has to be reinforced so the customers can have trust in the brand. The target population for Actimel has to re-defined, as it is currently vague (covers the whole segment of the population). 4.5.2 MODIFICATION The target market for Actimel has to be clearly defined, as it seems to target all the members of the population at the moment. The population has to be segmented, and each segment given a definite strategy and marketing plan that is specific for it. The proposed target market will be segmented as shown in fig 4. There is a lot of potential in targeting the elderly and hospital patients, as they need things to help boost their immunity, and Actimel can perform that function, hence there is an opportunity of growth here. The current market strategy of positioning Actimel as a healthy lifestyle choice is great, and will work well with all segments of the population especially the adults with an active way of life. The brand should be repositioned in the children segment, as the problem with the advert can affect sales that are generated. Thus positioning it as a healthy option for children, that offers the benefit of friendly bacteria, with proven scientific studies will enable Actimel regain the trust of consumers from this segment of the population. 5. CONCLUSION Actimel and Activia have been doing well so far in the UK market, and have the potential to do better in the future. The current marketing strategies for these two brands need to be improved on. The segmenting of the target population for Actimel will give a clearer view of the market strategy put in place to enable it gain more market shares from competitors like yakult and Muller vitality. The target market for Activia will need to be expanded in order to enable Activia gain market shares in the mainstream yoghurt market. It is perceived as a healthy brand, thus it has the potential to get more market share if the target population is increased. In the future the customer base of Activia and Actimel will remain loyal as loyalty schemes will be introduced to enable them stay faithful to the brand as long as the option of indulgence and healthy living at the right price is offered. New flavours that will keep consumers interested and innovative products will definitely make and keep Danone as a leader in the UK yoghurt market. References BBC. (2009, October). Healthy yoghurt advert banned. Retrieved December 1, 2009, from News Website: https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8305918.stm Danone . (2009). Danone Activia. Retrieved December 29, 2009, from Your digestive health matters website: https://www.danoneactivia.co.uk/ Danone. (2009). Actimel L.casei Imunitass. Retrieved November 30, 2009, from How Actimel Can Help You: https://www.actimel.co.uk/Benefits/Default.aspx Danone UK Ltd. (2008). Danone. Retrieved November 30, 2009, from About Danone Mission Website: https://www.danone.co.uk/mission.htm DATAMONITOR. (2009). GROUPE DANONE. London: Datamonitor. Euromonitor . (2009). Yoghurt United Kingdom. London: Euromonitor International. Mintel Oxygen. (2009, May). Yogurt UK May 2009. Retrieved November 27, 2009, from Market Share and Product Positioning website: https://academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/search_results/show/display/id=393957/display/id=460332#hit1 Mintel Oxygen. (2009, May). Yogurt UK May 2009. Retrieved November 27, 2009, from Segment performance website: https://academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/search_results/show/display/id=393957/display/id=460332?select_section=460331 Mintel Oxygen. (2009, May). Yogurt UK May 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2009, from Table of content website: https://academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/search_results/show/display/id=393957/display/id=460331?select_section=460345

The Current Population of the U.S.A.

The current U.S. population is more than  327 million people (as of early 2018). The United States has the worlds third largest population, following China and  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹India. As the worlds population is approximately 7.5  billion (2017 figures), the current U.S. population represents a mere 4  percent of the worlds population. That means that not quite one in every 25 people on the planet is a resident of the United States of America. How the Population Has Changed and Is Projected to Grow In 1790, the year of the first census of the U.S. population, there were 3,929,214 Americans. By 1900, the number had jumped to 75,994,575. In 1920 the census counted more than 100 million people (105,710,620). Another 100 million people were added to the United States in just 50 years when the 200-million barrier was reached in 1970. The 300 million mark was surpassed in 2006. The U.S. Census Bureau expects the U.S.  population to grow to reach these estimates over the next few decades, averaging about 2.1 million more people per year: 2020: 334.5 million2030:  359.4 million2040:  380.2  million2050:  398.3  million2060: 416.8  million The Population Reference Bureau succinctly summarized the state of the growing U.S. population in 2006: Each 100 million has been added more quickly than the last. It took the United States more than 100 years to reach its first 100 million in 1915. After another 52 years, it reached 200 million in 1967. Less than 40 years later, it is set to hit the 300-million mark. That report suggested that the United States would reach 400 million in 2043, but in 2015 that year was revised to be in 2051. The figure is based on a slowdown in the immigration rate and the fertility rate. Immigration Makes Up for Low Fertility The United States total fertility rate is 1.89, which means that, on average, each woman gives birth to 1.89 children throughout her life. The UN Population Division projects the rate to be relatively stable, from 1.89 to 1.91 projected to 2060, but it still  isnt population replacement.  A country would need a fertility rate of 2.1  to have a stable, no-growth population overall. Overall the U.S. population is  growing  at 0.77 percent a year as of December 2016, and  immigration plays a huge part  in that.  Immigrants to the United States are often young adults (looking for a better life for their future and their familys), and the fertility rate of that population (foreign-born mothers) is higher than for native-born women and projected to remain so. That aspect accounts for that slice of the population growing to be a larger share of the nations population overall, reaching 19 percent by 2060, as compared with 13 percent in 2014. By 2044 more than half of the people will belong to a minority group (anything other than  only  non-Hispanic white). In addition to immigration, longer life expectancy also comes into play with the growing population numbers, and the influx of young immigrants will help the United States support its aging native-born population.​ Shortly before  2050, the current No. 4 nation, Nigeria, is expected to surpass the United States to become the worlds third-largest nation, as its population is growing quickly. India is expected to be the most populous in the world, growing past China.

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald - 684 Words

Everyone has heard of the phrase â€Å"stalker,† and everyone has heard of the concept of â€Å"love.† While these two are separate terms, what happens when the two become mistaken for one another? When does admiration become obsession? When is the line crossed from lover to stalker? In the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the main character, Jay Gatsby, is a very wealthy man who has once had a fling with Daisy Buchanan. Gatsby and Daisy were once in love but time came and went. Gatsby went to war, and Daisy married another man. When Gatsby gets back from war, he makes himself into a new persona to capture Daisy’s attention in hopes of rekindling their love. However, Gatsby takes his love to the point of obsession. He makes unrealistic rumors about himself, wastes money on luxuries to capture her attention, and expects too much from the woman he claims to love. Gatsby’s love for Daisy is not real love. He has many stalker-like qualities, rath er than the romantic love so many are accustomed to. Gatsby does not quite grasp the true concept of love. As Daisy and Gatsby first met and fell in love five years prior, they do not know one another. They know who each other used to be, but that is simply a depiction of the past. When the two ex-lovers reunite, Nick states, â€Å"He literally glowed, without a word or a gesture of exultation a new well-being radiated from him and filled the little room† (Fitzgerald 89). Before Gatsby meets with Daisy, he is already radiating withShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and physical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. 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These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that

Dorothy Parker Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Dorothy Parker Essay, Research Paper *** # 8220 ; Inventory # 8221 ; # 8216 ; Four be the things I am wiser to cognize: Idleness, sorrow, a friend, and a enemy. Four be the things I # 8217 ; d been better without: Love, wonder, lentigos, and uncertainty. Three be the things I shall neer achieve: Envy, content, and sufficient bubbly. Three be the things I shall hold boulder clay I die: Laughter and hope and a sock in the eye. # 8217 ; *** Dorothy Parker became popular shortly after the first universe war with her light poetry and short narratives. Although her plants may non look rough and unwomanly today, they were labeled in this mode at the tallness of her popularity. Her misanthropic poetries developed into something of a national craze, while giving the reader the feeling that she recklessly stretched a adult female # 8217 ; s equal rights to include sexual relationships. It seemed that unfaithfulness was included among these # 8220 ; rights. # 8221 ; Her supporters culled citations from her poesy that, while looking to be among the most cagey, were besides among the least sincere. These typify the evident deficiency of emotional scope displayed in her poetry. The techniques and subjects that many of her poetries tackle are as follows: # 8220 ; resentment, wit, humor, and love # 8221 ; ( Adams 519 ) , together with an absolute precognition of their futility. Love, particularly, plays a major function as a subject of Parker # 8217 ; s poetry. Many verse forms are associating to love and loneliness or decease as consequences of love. Parker one time said of an actress in a reappraisal of a drama that she # 8220 ; runs the gamut of emotions from A to B. # 8221 ; The same could about be applied to the writer herself ( Bloom 2537 ) . Her more acrimonious poetries become brief laies of animus. This facet is rather good demonstrated by the imagined hurt of others in # 8220 ; Frustration: # 8221 ; # 8216 ; If I had a glistening gun, I could hold a universe of merriment Rushing slugs through the encephalons Of the folks who give me pains ; Or had I some toxicant gas, I could do the minutes base on balls Bumping off a figure of Peoples whom I do non love. But I have no deadly weapon- Therefore does Fate our pleasure measure on! So they still are speedy and good Who should be, by rights, in hell. # 8217 ; The mental torment of many of the female characters in her work, brought about by love or a cute semblance thereof, is limpidly illustrated in two of her short narratives, # 8220 ; Dusk Before Fireworks # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; A Telephone Call. # 8221 ; In each, the telephone is someway used as a barbarous instrument of anguish against the female supporter. The telephone is used to do Kit experience hurt and covetous in # 8220 ; Dusk Before Fireworks: # 8221 ; # 8216 ; The really fine-looking immature adult male hung up the receiving system, and looked at the dial of his carpus -watch He seemed to be ciphering. So long for a immature adult female to make her place, and throw herself upon her sofa, so long for cryings, so long for exhaustion, so long for compunction, so long for lifting tenderness. Thoughtfully he lifted the receiving system from its hook and put it on terminal upon the small table.’ However, # 8220 ; A Telephone Call # 8221 ; is simply an agonising monologue in which a adult female waits for the pacifying call from her lover. The adult female # 8217 ; s ideas sporadically reveal her despair and ill will toward the prospective company, every bit good as the telephone itself. The soliloquy subsequently includes pathetic entreaties to anyone or anything that could perchance hear her supplications and portion or relieve her agony: # 8216 ; Maybe that # 8217 ; s what he is making. Possibly he is coming on here without naming me up. Possibly he # 8217 ; s on his manner now. Something might hold happened to him. No, nil could of all time go on to him. I can # 8217 ; t image anything go oning to him. I neer see him lying still and long and dead. I wish he were dead. That # 8217 ; s a awful want. That # 8217 ; s a lovely want. If he were dead, he would be mine # 8230 ; It would be all beautiful. I wish he were dead. I wish he were dead, dead, dead. # 8217 ; The # 8220 ; rejected lover dominated by her ain heartache and sense of unworthiness # 8221 ; is one of two characteristic functions portrayed by the female in Parker # 8217 ; s short narratives or poetry, the other function being the sardonic wisecracker or humor comparable to Parker herself ( Bloom 2538 ) . Parker concentrates much of her originative energy on composing both poesy and prose covering to a great extent with the loss and hurting brought approximately by love, or perchance the deformed emotions and desires that may from clip to clip resemble love. Parker was hopelessly romantic at bosom, though much of her work puts forth the face of a cynic. Parker # 8217 ; s slant toward mawkishness was # 8220 ; ever to be reckoned with # 8221 ; ( Labrie, 340 ) . Her poesy can alter from fluxing and notional to acerb and cutting, frequently within two lines of poetry. This quality comes out in # 8220 ; Comment # 8221 ; : # 8216 ; Oh, life is a glorious rhythm of vocal, A potpourri of extemporanea ; And love is a thing that can neer travel incorrect ; And I am Marie of Roumania. # 8217 ; Much of Parker # 8217 ; s poetry and prose dressed ores on love. More specifically, it concentrates on catastrophe, anguish, or bitterness brought about by love. Parker # 8217 ; s ain single struggle with her runaway emotion becomes ironically evident in her sarcasm of the simpering, sensitive female in her work. Many of her prima characters are the self-consciously honest, boisterous, alcohol-swilling adult females that the Roaring Twenties produced in that lost coevals. The ambiance was exhaustively contributing to Parker # 8217 ; s brief prose and poesy. The 1940s took off some of the radiance of her light poetry and short narratives. However, her work now has the chance to do a rejoinder based upon its crisp humor and smart sarcasm.

Company overview Air Asia free essay sample

In 2008, Air Asia was one of the most profitable airlines; the company was not even affected by the economic crises as it was comfortably earning a return on assets of 4% It came as no surprise as Air Asia won skytrax award as the world’s best low cost airline. Well deserving as well because in just 7 years it had efficiently expanded stretching over south East Asia, amassing an outstanding 11. 8 million customers from an initial 200,000, Air Asia created an empire for itself. In 2007, the company embarked on a new journey. They were trying to get into the long haul market, having achieved tremendous success in the short haul market using a simple basic model air craft, the low-cost carrier (LLC) they wanted to gain market share in the long haul market, using the same basic model, the LLC, which in times past previous airlines that tried the same strategy had failed. But having success in the previous market, Air Asia believed that by sticking to their pricing strategy, the only significant problem they would encounter in the long haul market would be competition. We will write a custom essay sample on Company overview: Air Asia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Strategic issue There are 2 key strategic issues . Air Asia must choose between going into the competitive long haul market vs. remaining in the short haul market, therefore cancelling Air Asia X 2. Their ability to compete against already established long haul airlines who have efficient and working business models that give them competitive advantages like baggage- handling, frequent flyer promotions etc. Alternative suggestions Option one: merge Air Asia and Air Asia X Air Asia is an empire, established and profitable in its market segment. Air Asia X however is nothing close to becoming an empire is let alone be rofitable, instead of risking everything in a market where Air Asia X would struggle to compete, they are better of merging Air Asia and Air Asia X, with Air Asia the parent and Air Asia x the subsidiary, that way it is less risky and it could be easier for Air Asia X to launch under the same company Option two: discontinuing Air Asia X Air Asia could also decide to term inate the idea of Air Asia X. Apart from being risky, Air Asia operates of the LCC model which works effortlessly with the short haul market but is not the best model to use in the long haul market especially if you are new to a segment. This is why Air Asia should consider discontinuing Air Asia X and continue operating as a short to medium haul flights which is their strongest competitive advantage. Option three: create an alliance between Air Asia and a competitor Another alternative could be forming an alliance with a long haul airline. By doing this Air Asia could maintain focus on their primary objectives and also have a share in the long haul market regardless of the share size.

Taking Things Forr Granted Essay Research free essay sample

Taking Things Forr Granted Essay, Research Paper Taking Thingss For Granted? While chowing down some fried rice, I was busy watching poesy in action when my female parent told me to turn off? that wrestling trash. ? Then I pondered something: how many people are losing out on this material? Then I pondered something else: how many people wear? t ticker it because they don? Ts have a Television? A hebdomad subsequently, I was wolfing down some yoghurt while listening to George W. Bush mispronounce a certain person? s name along the lines of Slobodan Mi-LAA-se-VICK, and so another inquiry popped in my head: how many people are interested in or really care what he? s speaking about? A few seconds after that, I thought about those who did care about democracy, freedom, rights, and holding their voice heard, but could make nil about it? Just like that, the obvious epiphany popped into my caput. We will write a custom essay sample on Taking Things Forr Granted Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We as a society take merely about everything in life for granted. Whether it be our household, our resources, or our wellness, everything is expected to come to us, and if it doesn? T, so we complain that life merely isn? t carnival. When contemplating taking things for granted, one might foremost believe of the household. In ancient times, the basic unit of Roman society was the household. Even today, most issues center around? Who? s taking me to school? ? and? Why did you rub your older brother? ? My dada and ma ever state me that everything in their lives is for my sisters and I. They ever say, ? When we die, we won? T be taking all this material with us into our graves. ? I could neer visualize anything but my ma giving her full life, her full on the job calling merely to convey us up right. I could neer visualize anything but my ma ever at place ready to cook me some nice, hot poulet? you know, the sort where the exterior is all nice and crispy and the interior is all stamp and juicy. Merely 4 yearss in my full school calling did I of all time buy tiffin? the ground why, you ask? My female parent chose to wake up every individual twenty-four hours merely to do me my really ain healthy, but tasty, tiffin. Ho w about siblings? My parents ever tell me that they yearn to see their ain brothers? and sisters? faces, if even merely for a minute. They tell me how they excessively were similar us: they? 500 annoyer one another and fight a batch when they were all immature, and so, easy, but certainly, everyone got married and started populating in different houses. I so recognize the true importance of household: I have person to travel place to and speak to and associate to and annoyer ; I have person to state all of my jobs to ; I have to person to reply most, if non all, of my inquiries. But, do we of all time think of that one child who? s an lone kid or those 3 kids of a individual parent? It doesn? t halt at that place, though? people tend to disregard their available resources. It? s a common sight to see people stuck in a traffic jam complaining, honking, and doing love marks at their neighbours. Yet, we? re lucky that we? re sitting in an air-conditioned vehicle, listening to music, or speaking on a cell phone. If person were to hit us, we would be restrained and protected by airbags and a seat belt. In the cragged terrain of Peru, the people? s chief manner of transit prevarication in singing on overseas telegram lines across broad, hot, mosquito-infested chasms. If they mess up, if they fall, they? re gone? there is literally no safety cyberspace. This past dark, I left my fan on because I was hot, my lamp on because I? m afraid of the dark, and my computing machine on because I was downloading a vocal when my small sister, non my female parent, told me that I was blowing energy. Now, I said something along the lines of? Yeah, right? or? Oh, well, ? and yet, she had a point. Figuratively talking, every one of us, at least in our life, has left the H2O running while brushing their dentitions. For us, H2O International Relations and Security Network? t a job? it? s literally at our fingertips. In topographic points like Tanzania, people rush outside when it rains because that rain is their chief beginning of H2O? they operate on a first-come, first-served footing. Sing their dry clime, if they? re even a small spot late, they can bury about taking another shower for the following few yearss. Furthermore, it? s a common sight to see person travel up to their female parent and complain, ? Mommy, I need another brace of denims? I got this large pen grade on the pant leg. ? What? s incorrect with this image? Well, you might state it depends on who you ask, but there is so a common subject. My pa neer discards a shoe, sock, shirt, or the similar? if it gets st ained, he works in it outside in our garden. The fact it, though, that he has the power ( both pecuniary and nomadic ) to travel out and purchase something that he needs to have on anytime he wants. While most of our society is going more and more concerned with the outside-in alternatively of the inside-out, our mercenary ways serve as a foil, if you will, for those without resources. One can travel into the bosom of Mexico City and easy be approached by over 20 childs inquiring you to purchase $ .05 chiclets from them? their basic beginning of income. In India, where my cousins live, power ever goes out at least 1-3 times a twenty-four hours for hours at a clip ; meanwhile, my computing machine is on the Internet in one room downloading a vocal and I? m in the life room watching the Letterman Show. Even a basic thing like instruction we take for granted. Here we are in a general school system that offers us free schooling to assist better our hereafter, and yet we still choose to c ut categories and take off periods alternatively of taking that one excess awards category that might edify some of our hereafter determinations. Hearing this, one can merely believe of the young person in the Middle East, who, with all of the hatred and contending traveling on, have no pick? no school or college, merely military. Even in antediluvian Greek times, merely the richest households could afford to hold their kids educated, and even that didn? t semen cheap? they had to engage private coachs. An even more proud feeling for our society is that about 36 % of scholarships go untaken because no 1 applies for them? Free Money THAT NOBODY TAKES! ! ! By far, the biggest construct that we take for granted is our wellness and wellbeing. Picture being lactose-intolerant, non being able to digest dairy merchandises, as I am right now, and driving through Hershey, PA smelling the Sweet, melted olfactory property of cocoa emanating from the nearby Hershey? s Chocolate mills. Wait? I think I can hear the Oompa Loompas singing their? Oompa Loompa? vocal about Wonka bars and Scrumdiddlyumptious bars. Now imagine sitting at a tabular array while the individual in forepart of you gobbles up a poulet McNugget, an ultimate cheeseburger, or a Pizza Hut ternary exceeding supreme while all you can make is sit there salivating with your oral cavity unfastened. That? s a place I? m ever in? being diagnosed with Crohn? s disease, a disease that stems from the redness of my big bowel. Before I got ill, I ever was a finical feeder, eating merely my favourite nutrients at meal clip. I? d be surprised if anyone I met neer cleaned out the center of an O reo or took out the leafy vegetables from a Burger. With a diet that now consists of lone rice and yoghurt, and Boost? auxiliary drinks, I can now remotely relate to those in Africa who consider brown H2O a daintiness and those famished, destitute people of Somalia. Hearing of everyday eruptions of malaria, and merely late, Ebola hemorrhagic fever once more, I come to appreciate our instead advanced methods of health care as compared to others? still crude methods. We all watch Keanu Reeves as Neo in the film The Matrix with his gravity-defying moves and Trinity, his buddy, with her high-flying tumblings, but do we believe of those confined to wheelchairs who haven? T walked on their ain pess in old ages, if of all time? Do we hesitate to believe of the mean 10-year-old diabetic who? s had over 2000 finger assholes? In retrospect, grasp of life ( or its deficiency, thereof ) doesn? t cease to surprise me. Merely in America can one stand out on the street and vent his choler in loud torrential addresss ; merely in America does one really have a pick about what to believe in without holding Big Brother observation over them. As a victim of disease, I can voice whatever limited wisdom I have accumulated in my 17 old ages. We should appreciate what we do hold and what we can make, and what we can eat, because every bit shortly as we have that one thing taken off from us, we are in a universe of injury, choler, and defeat. Watching person else eat up steak and murphies when you can hardly digest milk is one of the worst feelings for a once-healthy individual. So, the following clip your small sister takes your gum or your cheat set from your room, and you confront her, and she scratches you, and you shove her, and she goes to your ma and starts making her small bogus shouting spot and gets you in pro blem for something she started, and you feel like locking her exterior of the house or remaining cooped up at school or the office to avoid your household, retrieve one thing: No 1? s gravestone of all time read? I wish I spent more clip at work. ?

The Five Orange Pips Essays

The Five Orange Pips Essays The Five Orange Pips Paper The Five Orange Pips Paper In The Final Problem we see how Holmes must use all of his intelligence to defeat his arch nemesis, professor Moriarty. The case Holmes has to solve will uses his mental and physical strength. There fore we know that the professor is smarter than Holmes, and can use more manipulative ways to destroy Holmes. This story has many emotions, which reveal the character and genius of Holmes. We firstly see that Holmes runs to his house in Bakers Street, as he is frightened. This is the first time we see Sherlock Holmes scared. This is shown as he speaks to Watson asking him to go on a journey with him, anywhere. We are shown that Holmes is scared as Watson tells us It was not in Holmess nature to take an aimless holiday and Pale, worn face told me that his nerves were at their highest tension. This is proof that Holmes is scared at this point of time. We are told that Holmes is frightened of professor Moriarty, The Napoleon of crime. Through out this story we see how a new side of Holmes is revealed, and how he is terrified of the dangers he will face. This is not danger, It is inevitable destruction. You stand in the way not merely of an individual, but of a mighty organisation. As we know Holmes is scared, however later in the story we see that he is calm and jokes with Dr. Watson in the train. We see that Holmes continues his enigmatic approach as Moriarty escapes from the police and Holmes tells Watson to leave him Because you will find me a dangerous companion now. In the final parts to the story we see how Holmes and Moriarty both use their strength and desire to defeat each other, which ironically is the death of both of them. They both fall down the cliff to the water and die, whilst Watson is left on top of the waterfall, reading the letter that Holmes left for him. In these stories we are shown how Dr.  Watson describes the intelligent mind of his good friend Sherlock Holmes. The three stories I used The Speckled Band, The Five Orange Pips and The Final Problem all showed the character and genius of Sherlock Holmes. These three stories all showed different characters of Holmes as he was terrified of Moriarty, observant in The Speckled Band and he was courageous in The Five Orange Pips. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, has used Watson in such a way that Watson is the narrator to the cases that Holmes solves. Although Watson is involved in the stories, he is used as an informer and as a good, reliable friend.

Engineer of the Brooklyn Bridge Washington A. Roebling

Engineer of the Brooklyn Bridge Washington A. Roebling Washington A. Roebling served as the chief engineer of the Brooklyn Bridge during 14 years of construction. During that time he coped with the tragic death of his father, John Roebling, who had designed the bridge and also overcame serious health problems caused by his own work at the construction site. With legendary determination, Roebling, confined to his house in Brooklyn Heights, directed the work on the bridge from  a distance, watching progress through a telescope. He trained his wife, Emily Roebling, in engineering and she would relay his orders when she visited the bridge nearly every morning during its final years of construction. Fast Facts: Washington Roebling Born: May 26, 1837, in Saxonburg, Pennsylvania.Died: July 21, 1926, in Camden, New Jersey.Accomplishments: Trained as an engineer, served as an officer in the Union Army, with his father worked designing and building revolutionary suspension bridges.Best known for: Overcame injuries, and with the help of his wife Emily Roebling, built the Brooklyn Bridge, which had been designed by his father, John A. Roebling. As work on the enormous bridge progressed, rumors swirled about the condition of Colonel Roebling, as he was generally known to the public.  At various times the public believed he was entirely incapacitated or had even gone insane. When the Brooklyn Bridge  finally opened to the public in 1883, suspicions were raised when Roebling did not attend the enormous celebrations. Yet despite the  nearly constant talk about his frail health and rumors of mental incapacity, Roebling lived to the age of 89. When he died in Trenton, New Jersey, in  1926, an obituary published in the New York Times shut down many of the rumors. The article, published on July 22, 1926, said that in his final years Roebling was healthy enough to enjoy riding the streetcar from his mansion to the wire mill his family owned and operated. Roebling's Early Life Washington Augustus Roebling was born May 26, 1837, in Saxonburg, Pennsylvania, a town founded by a group of German immigrants which included his father, John Roebling. The elder Roebling was a brilliant engineer who went into the wire rope business in Trenton, New Jersey. After attending schools in Trenton, Washington Roebling attended Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and received a degree as a civil engineer. He began working for his fathers business and learned about bridge building, a field in which his father was gaining prominence. Within days of the bombardment of Fort Sumter in April 1861, Roebling enlisted in the Union Army. He served as a military engineer in the Army of the Potomac. At the Battle of Gettysburg Roebling was instrumental in getting artillery pieces to the top of Little Round Top on July 2, 1863. His quick thinking and careful work helped fortify the hill and secure the Union line at a desperate time in the battle. During the war, Roebling designed and built bridges for the Army. At the  wars end, he returned to working with his father. In the late 1860s, he became involved in a grandly ambitious project thought by many to be impossible: building a bridge across the East River, from Manhattan to Brooklyn. Chief Engineer of the Brooklyn Bridge John Roebling, the designer of the Brooklyn Bridge, severely injured his foot in a freak accident while the site of the bridge was being surveyed in 1869. He died of an infection before any major work had started on the bridge. The massive project amounted to a collection of plans and drawings, and it fell to his son to make his vision a reality.   While the elder Roebling was always credited for creating the vision for what was known as The Great Bridge, he had not prepared detailed plans before his death. So his son was responsible for virtually all the details of the bridges construction. And, as the bridge was not like any other construction project ever attempted, Roebling had to find ways to overcome endless obstacles. He obsessed over the work and fixated on every detail of construction. During one of his  visits to the underwater caisson, the chamber in which men dug at the river bottom while breathing compressed air, Roebling was stricken. He ascended to the surface too quickly, and suffered from the bends. By the end of 1872 Roebling was essentially confined to his house. For a decade he oversaw construction, though at least one official investigation sought to determine if he was still competent to direct such a massive project. His wife Emily would visit the work site nearly every day, relaying orders from Roebling. Emily, by working closely with her husband, essentially became an engineer herself.   After the successful opening of the bridge in 1883, Roebling and his wife eventually moved to Trenton, New Jersey. There were still many questions about his health, but he actually outlived his wife by 20 years. When he died on July 21, 1926, at the age of 89, he was remembered for his work making the Brooklyn Bridge a reality.